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Deformation Monitoring Network

The DMN monitors national-scale tectonic deformation and monitors regional and local-scale deformation to maintain the NZGD2000 deformation model, to maintain the other control networks for the effects of deformation and to re-establish the other control networks following a major deformation event.

The following page summarises the main characteristics of the DMN sub-networks.

National deformation marks

Purpose

To determine and monitor national-scale tectonic deformation

Density

Across North Island, South Island, Stewart Island/Rakiura

Every point in NZ within:

  • 100 km of one national DMN mark
  • 300km of three national DMN marks

Accuracy

Order: 1

Tier: Horiz A (0.05 m), Vert B (0.10 m)

Class: Horiz III (0.003 m, 1x10-7m/m), Vert IV (0.003 m, 3x10-7m/m)

Class evaluation radius: 300 km

Mark characteristics

Continuous GNSS

PositioNZ network

Location

Stable part of tectonic plate

Suitable for collecting GNSS observations

Mark access

Data available from LINZ website

No physical access to mark

 

Regional deformation marks

Purpose

To determine and monitor regional-scale tectonic deformation

Density

Across North Island, South Island, Stewart Island/Rakiura

Sheer strain >0.2 μrad/year, every point in NZ within:

  • 20 km of one regional DMN mark
  • 50km of three regional DMN marks

Sheer strain <0.2 μrad/year, every point in NZ within:

  • 35 km of one regional DMN mark
  • 70km of three regional DMN marks

Accuracy

Order: 2
Tier: Horiz B (0.10 m), Vert E (0.25 m)
Class: Horiz V (0.003 m, 1x10-6m/m), Vert VI (0.01 m, 3x10-5m/m)
Class evaluation radius: 50 km

Mark characteristics

Campaign GNSS

Location

Best location for monitoring deformation

Suitable for collecting GNSS

Mark access

Physical access to marks to collect GNSS observations

Local deformation marks

Purpose

To determine and monitor regional-scale tectonic deformation

Density

Across North Island, South Island, Stewart Island/Rakiura

Urban areas with sheer strain >0.5 μrad/year, every point in NZ within:

  • 3 km of one regional DMN mark
  • 6 km of three regional DMN marks

Urban areas with sheer strain <0.5 μrad/year, every point in NZ within:

  • 5 km of one regional DMN mark
  • 10 km of three regional DMN marks

Rural areas with sheer strain >0.5 μrad/year, every point in NZ within:

  • 10 km of one regional DMN mark
  • 20 km of three regional DMN marks

Accuracy

Order: 4
Tier: Horiz C (0.15 m), Vert F (0.35 m)
Class: Horiz VII (0.01 m, 1x10-5m/m), Vert VIII (0.01 m, 5x10-5m/m)
Class evaluation radius: 6 km (urban), 20 km (rural)

Mark characteristics

Campaign GNSS

Location

Best location for monitoring deformation

Suitable for collecting GNSS

Mark access

Physical access to marks to collect GNSS observations